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History of PET?
PRODUCTION OF POLYETHYLENE
TEREPHTHALATE (P.E.T)
Bellis, Mary "Cracker Jack" Inventors at About. Retrieved
January 1, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blcrackerjacks.htm
English chemists, John Rex Whinfield and James Tennant
Dickson, employees of the Calico Printer's Association of Manchester,
patented "polyethylene terephthalate" (also called PET
or PETE) in 1941, after advancing the early research of Wallace
Carothers. The saw that Carothers's research had not investigated
the polyester formed from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid.
Polyethylene terephthalate is the basis of synthetic fibers such
as polyester, dacron, and terylene. Whinfield and Dickson along
with inventors W.K. Birtwhistle and C.G. Ritchiethey also created
the first polyester fiber called Terylene in 1941 (first manufactured
by Imperial Chemical Industries or ICI). The second polyester fiber
was Dupont's Dacron.
According to Dupont, "In the late 1920s, DuPont
was in direct competition with Britain’s recently formed Imperial
Chemical Industries. DuPont and ICI agreed in October 1929 to share
information about patents and research developments. In 1952, the
companies’ alliance was dissolved... The polymer that became
polyester has roots in the 1929 writings of Wallace Carothers. However,
DuPont chose to concentrate on the more promising nylon research.
When DuPont resumed its polyester research, ICI had patented Terylene
polyester, to which DuPont purchased the U.S. rights in 1945 for
further development. In 1950, a pilot plant at the Seaford, Delaware,
facility produced Dacron [polyester] fiber with modified nylon technology."
Dupont's polyester research lead to a whole range
of trademarked products, one example is Mylar (1952), an extraordinarily
strong polyester (PET) film that grew out of the development of
Dacron in the early 1950s.
Polyesters are made from chemical substances found
mainly in petroluem and are manufactured in fibers, films, and plastics.
According to Dupont Teijin Films, "Plain polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) or polyester is most commonly associated with
a material from which cloth and high-performance clothing are produced
(e.g., DuPont Dacron® polyester fiber). Increasingly over the
last ten years PET has gained acceptance as a material of choice
for beverage bottles... PETG, also known as glycolised polyester,
is used in the production of cards... Polyester film (PETF) is a
semi-crystalline film used in many applications such as videotape,
high quality packaging, professional photographic printing, X-ray
film, floppy disks, etc. " source Comparison of PETF, PETG
and PET
DuPont Teijin Films (founded January 1, 2000) is
a leading supplier of PET and PEN polyester films whose brand names
incude: Mylar ®, Melinex ®, and Teijin ® Tetoron ®
PET polyester film, Teonex ® PEN polyester film, and Cronar
® polyester photographic base film.
Naming an invention actually involves developing
at least two names. One name is the generic name. The other name
is the brand name or trademark. For example, Mylar ® and Teijin
® are brand names; polyester film or polyethylene terephthalate
are the generic or product names.
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